Module 3 and Journal Article Review 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Module 3 and Journal Article Review 3 - search ExampleThe develop population of Germany, Romania and Sweden causes economic and social stir while each country has their sustain face of the puzzle and significant ways on solving it. Germany, Romania and Sweden share a common puzzle a rapidly increasing aging population and its implications on the economic and social sphere of their several(prenominal) communities. However, they differ from the kind of effect this problem has done and the approach to meet the rising demand of the decrepit care. Germany, as the most populous country in the European Union ironically faces a problem of birth rate decline and higher life expectancies (Weaver, n.d.a). In response, the country strengthened the rules on venerable care with the aim of providing the elderly a high quality of life. The extensive German healthcare systems lead a successful implementation of the German health care for the elderly laws. In fact, the German eudaimonia syst em is one of Europes most comprehensive (Weaver, n.d.a). The countrys increasing aging population is projected to have an effect on the countrys economy with a have impact on the supply of human imaging. Germanys rules are comparable to that of the Sweden. ... nt concerns the disproportionate ratio amid the pensioners and the total working force the pensioners are 6 million while there are exclusively 4.5 million who are actively employed. This is not just a major economic burden plainly also has subsequent social impact. If this trend would continue for several years more, the working population would be burdened with taxes. Consequently, the effect is a possible discrimination against the elderly as impotent and costly sector of the community. While Germany and Sweden aim for a high quality of life for its elders, Romania is on a struggle of compensating the needfully of their aging population. The two countries mentioned may be fortunate than Romania but their effects would not be least destructing as it would still affect the future workforce. The most probable solution is the import of human resource from less developed countries. Journal Review 3 Germany Family diversity with low actual and desired fertility--analysis An alarmingly low fertility rate is a demographic holocaust suffered by most developing countries nowadays. In the European nations, Germany is one of the countries to experience this kind of demographic problem and has anticipated adverse effects on the economy despite of its economic achievements. Two contrasting events suffer the demographic situation of modern Germany first, is the fluff boom in the 1960s and the decline of birth rates in the succeeding decades. Germany is currently approach a challenge on the increasing ageing population with direct effects giving cost increase to a threat to the social security systems (Dorbritz, 2008). In the article by Jurgen Dorbitz, the writer explores on the nub cause of Germanys ageing population, its reasons and effects on the future of German Economy. Summary

Material and Ideological Conditions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Material and Ideological Conditions - Essay ExampleIn development ball, the GDP is low. This implies that the earnings of most people cannot sustain them. Low living standards leads to poor diet and deprive health. Economic history focuses on survival issues and viable consequences to be implemented. Struggle for existence is common in the developing world while the veritable world lives in comfort. Despite the comfort, there are issues that need to be addressed as far as survival is concerned. Some communities face poverty but are economically independent. A material life is experienced in other parts of the world like in New York. Life in such like areas is characterized by dependence on others. Most are untrained in rigorous activities of life like farming, repair of machines and hunting, among others. This is a paradox. The richer a nation the more it will be vulnerable. Rich nations will therefore need poor nations to survive. The solution to its problems results to divi sion of labor (Freud et al 52). According to this scenario, man is the source of all his economic problems. Kit 16 Resistance and Repression- Civilizations and its Discontents by Freud, Sigmund Civilization has improved in every century. Technological advances have created demand for wealth. This has developed other social issues that the society needs to address. Besides, experience has taught these psychoanalysts that various individuals opt to sit in strategic positions, in their endeavor to evade access to this form of treatment. This significantly assists in the patients understanding of their inner self, hence significantly aiding in rapid recovery. Above that, the psychologists claim that some patients possibly will break the cooperation rule, thereby leading them into becoming lonely, claiming that some challenges are their personal opinion, citing that these experiences are confidential, and as such, they need not to break in them. Additionally, people may not be willing to air all their predicaments and keep some of their challenges to themselves. In such cases, the psychologists have no authority to intervene and may only encourage the patient into diffusion all his predicaments. Moreover, it is usually inadvisable to permit the patients to break the rules of such psychological sessions, since they only produce results that the psychoanalyst is unsatisfied with. Individuals with other varieties of neurosis, including obsession are known to disregard the rules of these sessions, based on their unaccounted doubts. However, sufferers of anxiety are renowned for the relentless adherence to the rules of such sessions. Besides, the psychologists ought to compel the patients to adhere to these rules, and with patience and perseverance, they manage to achieve this (Freud et al 331). This considerably aids in ascertaining the success of such sessions. Various Diseases resulting from warfronts lead to traumatic neuroses, as soundly as an accord the conti guous of neurotics. The distressing patients provide an apparent sign, showing that an obsession during the distressing calamity lies at their derivations. These patients habitually duplicate the distressing circumstances in their imaginings. The subsistence of comatose mental courses is revealed in the infantile fixation actions of these patients. Discontentment in civilization has prompted several diseases to human kind, making life even more unbearable. unlikeness causes many to develop illness. In search for a solution, religion is thought

Research Proposal for Juvenile Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Research Proposal for adolescent Justice - Essay ExampleObviously, though, juvenile justice is more than just benevolent guidance f youths during adolescent development or family crisis. It is also a system for monitoring and controlling juveniles and their families who may be engaged presently in activities deemed dangerous or deviant.To make matters even more confusing, these two sets f system demands (despite their seemingly opposed natures) much become intertwined and sometimes nearly indistinguishable in practice, with intelligibly coercive tasks disguised in treatment metaphors. Intensive treatment units are often secure, locked institutions aftercare counseling often means regular reporting to a probation officer. In practice, the multiple goals f juvenile justice become blurred and combined into singular activities. As a result, we are often left with the uncomfortable dilemma f not knowing whether we are doing something to a youth in order to do something for that yout h (Allen, 1964) or whether we are doing something to a youth for justifiable retribution and deterrence. It is rarely a clear end in juvenile justice.This blurred picture is the context in which prevention programming, research, and treatment must operate. It cannot be escaped it pervades each step f applied research and professional practice in this area. even off a brief exposure to this seemingly sympathetic site will convince the prevention-minded researcher or practitioner attempting to improve service delivery in this system that even more or little standard ethical issues take on a distinctive quality when imbedded in the context f juvenile justice.Problem Definition The ethical issue f problem definition is a problematic but central one in juvenile justice research and practice. Because delinquency is a well-grounded ascription rather than a behaviorally based description and local practices vary widely, a broad freewheel f youths are classified as delinquents. This lo cally determined selection bias f all sample population makes it unwise to treat juvenile delinquents as a unitary class when constructing theories some adolescent antisocial activity (Reppucci & Clingempeel, 1978). Moreover, a consideration f case characteristics beyond the mere straw man f delinquency is needed to accurately assess the impact f any intervention. The expected preponderance or progression f antisocial activities in the youths sampled must be considered in such assessments (Blumstein, Cohen, Roth, & Visher, 1986).Furthermore, researchers and practitioners functional with a legally defined population f delinquents must be aware that they are pass judgment the values implicit in designating some youths as delinquent and others as merely undergoing normal valuation reserve problems. These professionals may even be furthering these values by focusing intervention efforts on the youths most perturbing to authorities. Such involvement can lend professional certificat ion to a system that could benefit from a critical appraisal f its values and practices (Rappaport, Lamiell, & Seidman, 1980).On an individual treatment level, dealing with a socially rather than personally defined problem

Labor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Labor - Essay ExampleWhile the responsibility for providing a proficient work environment falls onto the employer and its Human imagerys management team, it is the responsibility of the employee to comply with the rules that be required to realise a safe working environment. In this brief outline, the phenomenon of Labor Unions will be critically examine and explored, discussing the purpose of a union, experience with unions from a Human Resource perspective, Good Faith, and a number of associated monetary value that bring clarity to the whole labour party union movement.Since before the 1950s, United States employees have been fighting for equity, reasonablyness, and to be treated with dignity and respect. It is finished the labor union movement that the AFL-CIO was able to form and demand fair practices and acceptable working conditions on job sites all across America. The reasons why many workers from various industries came to junction a union, and continue to do so to this day, is to ensure that their rights are preserved and that their health and safety are protected. In many cases, currently and historically, there are unfair practices going on around the world. American union members are now encouraging laborers in other countries to organize unions in order to do the same thing. Dressler states that as many as 14.7 million U.S. workers belong to unions, about 11.9% of the total (Dressler, 2013, p. 496) (Dessler, Human Resource Management, 13th Edition).The views of this outline concerning labor unions have more to do with the theoretical discourse that is ascertained through reading both historical and current events. Its perspective is also influenced by images in the news media of labor union strikes displaying angry blue collar workers and picketers marching and shouting in front of their place of employment, or at least the corporate office. It has much less to do with the limited knowledge and experience on a professional level. With tha t caveat being

Inspired a shared vision Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Inspired a shared imagination - Essay ExampleI also had to have adequate facts to deliver the visual modality that included research details and real-life examples. These facts are the ones that lead to the embracing of the vision with almost all the members present expressing interest in the vision and verbalizing their support. Previously, the outgoing leader of the organization inspired me to a shared vision. The vision to engage in the current tendering processes of the organization was highly-developed by this leader who approached me and enlightened me on the importance of engaging in business opportunities with the groups savings. It is from this experience that I witnessed the importance of using facts and examples to influence a shared vision. Having the vision that is in pull in with the general organizational goal of taking advantage of the business opportunities.Inspiring a shared vision is not easy. Leaders have a responsibility to lead the organization and its memb ers to greater heights future(a) their objectives. This forward movement calls for visionary leadership that entails having a vision and sharing it with the others. It is only when it is shared that the vision becomes a

Emergency Department Operated by the Childrens National Medical Center Essay

emergency brake department Operated by the Childrens National Medical Center - Essay ExampleThe object of analysis for the pattern of this assignment is Emergency Department as one of the most key services offered by the Childrens National. Undoubtedly, level 1 trauma mettle is one of the most guiding light strengths of the Emergency Department. This trauma center would assist the department to provide trauma diligents with the highest level of surgical care. According to Stanford University Medical Center, this facility would greatly benefit the Emergency Department to improve a severely injured patients excerption probability by nearly 20-25%. In other words, the level 1 trauma center signifi cornerstonetly enhances patient safety, which is the ultimate goal of every patient care. In addition, it is a teaching hospital that offers clinical education and training to pediatric residents, fellows, and other graduate trainees each year. This departmental division plays a notabl e role in developing qualified pediatric professionals who can promote child safety. Well expert health check rung is another competitive strength of the Emergency Department. This strength assists the department to eliminate the chances of clinical errors to a great extent and thereby provide patients with quality care services. Furthermore, well trained medical stave can promote the general productivity of the organization and address the needs of more sum of children. The Emergency Department has developed a set of efficient processes in child care delivery. Therefore, it can avoid unnecessary hold outs associated with patient treatment and contribute to the fast patient recovery. Referring to Robinson and Pinkerton, while analyzing the operational dexterity of the Emergency Department, staff shortage appears to be the most severe problem affecting the patient safety. Reports manoeuvre that staff shortage may wind instrument to a series of other issues including worksite stress, medical errors, low-quality care, and unhealthy interpersonal relations. In an understaffed worksite environment, nurses are compelled to work under tough schedules and this situation in turn adversely affects nurse-patient relation, which is highly essential in case of childcare. Staff shortage will certainly reduce the overall productivity of the organization. In addition, this issue would always raise potential challenges to the hospital administration also. Rapid disturbance of management and nurses is another major weakness causing troubles to the Emergency Department. Termination of nurses and other clinical practitioners would observably increase the Emergency Departments operating expenses because the high rate of staff turnover would lead to an increase in recruitment as well as training expenses. In addition, the time delay involved between the voluntary employee termination and new employee recruitment would cause to reduce the quality of the patient care. Loss of experienced staff due to increased employee turnover is an untreatable problem as experienced staff can enhance patient safety more effectively as compared to a fresher. High-level staff/executives turnover also leads to a frequent change in the management structure of the Emergency Department naturally, this situation would end up in inefficient care delivery.

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 83

Case Study usageHowever, economic, political, legal, social, cultural, technological, and international factors are the main factors that the participation must influence to better its business (Aicken, 2003).Unlike otherwise Airlines, Air clean Zealand offers both domestic and international flights which include both passenger and cargo services. The general destinations of the Airline are Australia, south pacific, Asia, North America, and the UK. The Air New Zealand is situated in Auckland, in New Zealand. Air New Zealand merged with the Star alliance in the year 1999. The star alliance is a global airline alliance that unites different airlines. The airline had started as a flying boat company in the year 1940 before it graduated to the national airline (Aicken, 2003).The airline implemented many strategies that hasten up the economic environment, For example, the airline made a sum of $182 million dollars profit last year (New Zealand Herald, 2014). Despite several challen ges, the airline has strived to beat its competitors and to achieve its targets. The key objectives drive the airline. The first objective is to arise a new method of selling airfares and packages at retail levels and wholesale levels. This bequeath increase their sales and increase their profits by 7%. The second main objective is to define new mechanisms that will increase their returns on its marketing investment (ROI) (Gordon, 2010).The airline has identified several strategies to improve its operation in the company. For instance, a creative strategy where customer holiday needs are understood and met. The strategy focuses on appealing to customers on how Air NZ understands their holiday needs. The airline inspired customers and gave them different ideas on how they should spend their holidays. This helped in increasing the companys yields. The airline went ahead to execute the strategy

Are decisions made by universities directly affecting students Essay

Are decisions made by universities directly affecting students justiciable - Essay ExampleThe key peck of legislation in NSW in respect to the Judicial Review of University academic decisions is the ADT, it is through this act it all in allows for dirty publicly decided decisions to be reviewed on the grounds of fairness and legitimacy. In fact this act is establish on the commonwealths, especially the English Legal Systems, common law approach. It is not based on the merits of the slip-up rather whether there has been a procedurally fair decision. Therefore if wiz wants to refer to case law it is scoop up to refer to the binding precedents of case law from the Commonwealth. This will be discussed in the next section. There is one factor that this discussion needs to point out, which is under English Law Higher Education Institutions be legislated so that they are considered public institutions however in Australia this is not the case so there is the trouble of private vs pu blic institutions which will be discussed in further in reference to national law. ... Ultimately, oneness in look for requires leadership. If, in the wake of the Hall affair, our universities cannot ensure an enlightened and responsible ethos in their research enterprises they risk a loss of public confidence (Hall v UNSW 2003 NSWSC 669. These rules are a crux to limitations face by private higher education institutions under Australian National Law, which will be discussed in the following section.Commonwealth SystemDiceys jurisprudential thought is central to the present system of constitutional and administrative law it deals with the decision making process and the powers of parliament the government executive bodies and the courts. The main theoretical invention that Diceys theory hinges upon is that parliament is supreme there is no authority within the British territories or extra-territorially that has more than power than parliament. The courts cannot overturn statute s or parliamentary decisions as this would erode parliamentary sovereignty. However not all decisions made in the name of parliament may be legal, because the individual has not acted in accordance with the spirit of parliamentary decision of the statute enacted by parliament. Also executive decisions are delegated through the hierarchy to bureaucratic departments and agencies as well as human error or bias resulting in outlawed decisions1. To counter this Dicey incorporated the concept of checks and balances into the legal and parliamentary system whereby the judiciary can render a case, concerning the decision of an executive body, which may be illegal or a breach of congenital law whereby judicial review is an essential demonstration of Diceys rule of law which is creating a system

Motivation in Sport (choose a specific area to focus on) Essay

Motivation in Sport (choose a specific area to focus on) - judge ExampleThe desire to achieve mastery, excellence and accomplishment, motivates individuals to seek competition that provides a fair test for their abilities (Ryska, 2003). Individuals take exception themselves by competing against separates, and in doing so are able to recognize and compare their capabilities. It is therefore evident, that a gamey achiever will strive to achieve goals for the sake of personal growth, that is, internal rewards (Ryska, 2003). According to the cognitive military rating theory, Ryan (2000) states that athletes who feel that ill-tempered rewards will demonstrate their capability, experience an increase in intrinsic motivation, whereas, individuals who feel that particular rewards are used as means of control, will experience a decrease in intrinsic motivation.Goal setting is also a significant factor in increasing sport motivation, as it improves ones exercise by providing encourageme nt. The reason for this being, that individuals have something to look forward to that must be achieved. Furthermore, the arousal motive, that is, the research for sensation, is also a significant motive for some playing sport. Physical and psychological health has some(prenominal) been shown to benefit from regular participation in physical activities. Health reasons are, however, not the only motives individuals have for victorious part in sports. Motives related to appearance, competition and excitement, fun and enhanced competence, are a few other reasons. It also has been suggested that the motives for participation influence sport participation time and adherence.The motive to succeed is defined as a disposition to expect positive affects to occur in situations perceived as challenging (i.e., situations for which the probability of success is about 50%). (Deci & Ryan, 2000) Individuals, who are strongly motivated to succeed or intrinsically motivated show initiative, are in general future oriented, are carrying out plans related to the future fulfillment of activities, and are willing to be involved with new and interesting activities over a long stop consonant of time. They are often observed to be strongly committed to situations in which their abilities can be train and exercised. In this endeavor, they seek out optimal challenges that they are not always immediately certain how to elaborate (Deci & Ryan, 1985). With regard to the performance component of cumulative achievement, the research of Rejeski, W. J. (2002) indicated that positive motivation (e.g., motivation to succeed, intrinsic motivation, march orientation during successful performance) is a prerequisite for good performance (including the athletes personal best) in sports. On the other hand, the motive to avoid failure might be related to negative motivation. This aroused or activated state of motivation is based on an expectation that negative affects will occur in situations perceived as challenging. Negative motivation and cognitive anxiety are both related to states such(prenominal) as worrying about the performance and its consequences, fear or avoidance of failure, and ruminations about failure. These states impede top-level performance in endurance sports (e.g., long-distance running, rowing) and feedback sports (e.g., ball games, karate, and judo Deci & Ryan, 2000). Other research of athletes in feedback

Human Rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words - 1

military man Rights - Essay ExampleThe Nuremburg trials shocked most of the world, including the linked nation, when the terrible treatment of human beings was revealed to the world. The trials did help to intrusion the concept that some sort of universal justice is necessary in order to make individuals timber safe, or just, about the world and the law of the world. The atrocities revealed during the trials turned the stomachs of some(prenominal) of the people, as well as the governments, in atomic number 63. It became clear that some sort of restructuring was needed, and that European countries would need to cooperate in order to attain this reconstruction. Therefore, many another(prenominal) countries were inspired to start considering aspects of human rights1The idea of a human rights list in the United Kingdom and Europe is not a new one. Many individuals were pushing for this after World War II. However, the United Kingdom was also aware that Europe was working on a larg er-scale concept of human rights in general, which would eventually become the European Convention. This may have been a reason for the United Kingdoms delay in making its own list of individual rights. The United Kingdom has followed the laws of the convention for many years. Laws were beginning to be laid down by this new, European group, and all of Europe was eager to follow. For instance, at the Congress of the Hague in 1948, delegates and observers from 26 countries breathed life into the Council of Europe making human rights its guiding spirit. The Council of Europe was officially launched in May 1949 with founder members Belgium, Denmark, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the UK. These member countries then put together a contain of rights as well as a European court system that would help those individuals who had had their rights violated. They were able to mapping examples from the United States and hammered out a

An Objective Way of thinking using mathematical principles Article - 1

An Objective Way of thinking using mathematical principles - Article slipThen one and only(a) should seek to establish for each class of experience, what classes of knowledge are required for that class. For the opthalmic class of Experience one realises that all that can be acquired are those classes of knowledge that the individuals senses can receive without any interpretation. This reasoning can be set out in the random variable of a series or SET of equations3/ star of these classes is the visual experience e.g. viewing the beingness that surrounds us for which the ONLY class of knowledge one requires to satisfy this class of experience, is that which can be self-possessed through the specific humans senses e.g. for the sight sense, colours that form shapes. This applies to all the members of reality that take aim up the area that surrounds us. No further interpretation is required or can be make through the visual experience.See also the solution to Big Question 2 whic h details how the individualized TEMPLATE works. For it includes what classes of knowledge the senses can detect and those that cannot be detected I.e. complete SET that can be used to represent any human.4/ Thus by adopting this thinking strategy of accepting what one receives through the senses without personal interpretation I.e. subjectivity perceptions, everyone would be able to see the same / real world rather than seeking to create their own world.My appreciation for Roger Penroses essay asking What is reality? was diminished because he gave no clear-cut definition of what he means by reality (18 November, p 32). As a result, the discussion seemed like nothing so much as an overview of the implicit etymology and current range of English-language meanings of that word. One can easily imagine dictionary definitions that either include or exclude physical events at the quantum scale, or human mental events such as unexpressed thoughts.I am not a linguist, but I suspect that the words for reality in other languages may not on the dot

Pharmacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Pharmacy - Essay ExampleThe eminence of these departments is to make management easier and also to establish flavour in control and offering standard services. Minimizing risks in the hospitals is important as it improves the safety, security and the welfare of the patients. Safety in hospitals is an assurance of better services to electric potential customers and the staff. Risk and quality management in hospitals is important and should be effected timely to make the racetrack of hospitals smooth.The primary goal of risk and quality management in the healthcare is to improve the quality and cleverness of health care. Risk management itself is important in hospitals is important as it helps control risks and improve the chances of achieving prune objectives by the management. reference management as its name suggests is effective in establishing standards of operations related to hospitals. Quality management aims at achieving customer satisfactions and reducing the number o f reported complaints. It bequeath in turn will improve the image of the hospital and place it at a better position in business. The role of risk management in relation to the hospital is to gear all operations in coiffe to achieve the objectives. A hospital can target to purchase new equipment at a trusted set date. It will be the duty of the management to determine the source of funds for the purchase and in turn finance the operation to achieve its objectives. The preparation to achieve objectives is what is being referred to as risk management. The purpose of quality management, on the other hand, is to maintain operation standards and ethics. Quality management mainly focuses on quality service delivery and customer satisfaction. Although there are variations between quality and risk, all address the subject field of change and improvement.Concepts of risk and quality management in the hospital are established in revision to enable proper and timely

Cultural Diversity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cultural Diversity - Essay ExampleYoung ladies were groomed non for self-made careers unless to be wives of eligible and frugalally stable men, so they are not encouraged to charter their education, as this will not be of benefit to them anyway. This cult of domesticity has been practiced for ages, so it was already roundthing that or so women accepted and became accustomed to. However, a growing number of women felt they were too constrained to be anything much than a housewife and longed to maximize their potentials as women. In raising these concerns, feuding groups of women fought for opposite beliefs. Those who yearned for freedom and equal rights with their young-begetting(prenominal) counterparts, led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott, staged a convention to launch the womens rights movement. For two days in July in 1848, they convened in the low-key town of Seneca Falls in New York. This small group of wad were instrumental in uplifting the position of wom en in society. In the convention, they argued for equality with men and fought for greater healthy rights, especially the right of suffrage. They also voiced out their need for more professional and education opportunities (McMillen, 2008). These women were gay to fight for reform that was considered radical at that time, especially since their opponents were also women who embraced domesticity. Out of that convention came the Declaration of Rights and Sentiments as drafted by Elizabeth Cady Stanton. The document demanded womens voting and property rights as well as equal economic and educational opportunities with men. Eventually, in 1920, after more than seventy years, women got what they fought for with the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which reads The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. This amendment empowered women with sure rights and privileges that allows them to pursue an education, vote, and seek employment outside the home, and even work alongside men. It was a long wait, but it was truly worth it Work Cited McMillen, Sally. Seneca Falls and the Origins of the Womens Rights Movement., Oxford University Press, 2008. 2. Institutionalized Heterosexism From time immemorial, the belief that there are except two genders male and female, has been propagated by society. This meant that each gender was endowed with its own roles, rights and privileges. Over the years, the fact that some people have differing sexual orientations that did not conform to the two that are upheld, was not welcomed, as discomfort in even accepting such differences prevailed. Although homophobia, or the irrational fear of, aversion or distinction against homosexuality or homosexuals (Merriam Webster Online, 1969) has been viewed negatively, it has somehow persisted albeit in a more su btle manner. Individuals who pursued their sexual preferences as lesbians, gays, bisexuals and transgenders (LGBT) usually suffer discrimination in many facets of society. They are seen as those who go against the norm, and certain rights, opportunities and privileges that heterosexuals enjoy are usually not extended to these LGBTs. This kind of prejudice against LGBTs has been labelled heterosexism. It deprives many of societys privileges from those who

It is a research paper about the topic (Homeless Families) Essay

It is a research paper about the topic (Homeless Families) - Essay ExampleA majority of these people argon thrust into the dispossessed state by life-altering events that were unexpected. Some tragic life occurrences such as bank line loss, domestic violence, family disputes, and loss of loved ones can lead to dispossessedness (Bassuk et al, 2010).Homelessness is by and large a three-pronged caper. It is affected by economic, political, and social factors. The state of homeless families exploded in the early 1980s when federal funds were draw back from social assistance and low-income housing programs. The programs were meant to cater for the mentally ill and low-income families. Lack of affordable housing and the rise gap between earnings have left many of families and individuals in America homeless (Nunez, 2000). stinting factors are a central cause, as are social factors such as long-term drug addiction, mental illness, and alcoholism which can contribute to homelessness. Studies show that at least 25 percent of homeless people suffer from a kind of mental illness (NHC 2006). Twenty percent of the homeless are also drug and alcohol addicts, and the lack of access to affordable care can leave them open to the problem for their entire lives. This paper evaluates various aspects of homeless families such as how homelessness affects children, and what society is doing to alleviate the problem (Bassuk et al, 2010).The rate of homelessness among American families has grown extensively over the last two decades. Between 2007 and 2010, the number of homeless families rose significantly. In 2007, 30% of the homeless people were in families and the constituent changed to 35% in 2010. This percentage is, however, devoid of the proportion in the suburban and rural areas (Khadduri & Culhane 2011). The affected families experienced frequent moves while in search of employment and secure affordable housing. The turbulence resulting from the movement affects chil dren, and they

Phd proposal Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Phd - look for intent Example seek Approach 6 3.2. Research Design 6 3.3. Data Collection 7 3.3.1. Secondary Data 7 3.4. Time Line of the Dissertation 8 References 9 Chapter 1 unveiling 1.1. Background of the Study Past decades and passing time has proven to be the most dynamic for any global aspect. Organizations have also been casingd with the need for revision, no matter how large or down in the mouth they ar. Organizations go towards qualifys and modification to meet the pace of the changing world and its requirements. Although, the concrete and customized purposes of the organizations vary in reputation yet, the philosophy of change in organization remains the same, and that is, to become more effective, moving towards increased skill and being actively responsive to the ever-changing environment of the dynamic world (SONG, 2009, pp 6-7). agitate does not finish up itself easily. Organizations, similar to any other forces that might get affected by change also face many problems in the process. As the change processes threaten the existing milieu of the situations, the organizations might face numerous problems including staff resistance, organizational strengths, weaknesses and capabilities, and most importantly the lock or lethargy of attention. Rod ascertains that the administration should understand the processes of change intricately and its impact on the people, production and environment. For the purposes of comprehension of these processes and guiding the organizations towards the journey of change, clear and motivated focusing of change is inevitable (Fernandez & Rainey, 2006, p.168). Hence, managing change becomes as imperative as the change itself. Change management has justifiably acquired a chief aspect of the studies of management, outlining various types of changes which are adopted by the organizations, and their related theories or constructs. 1.2. Research Aim and Objectives This research will aim to explore the change ma nagement in organizations with particular seed to structure of the organizations. The objectives of the understand will be to explore and investigate Changes in organizations Causes of organizational changes Types of organizational changes Change management Change management with regards to structure of the organization Enterprise Education, a forerunner for success 1.3. Research Questions The research will be carried out to respond to the develop research questions which are as follows 1. What are changes in organizations? 2. What are the causes of changes in the organizations 3. What are the types of organizational changes? 4. What is change management? 5. What is change management in terms of structure of the organizations? 6. How can structural change management prove to be a precursor of success for the organization? 1.4. Significance of the Study As mentioned in the subsequent section, the study of change management has acquired a significant position in the management cons tructs. Globalization constitutes as one of the most refer features of the time that drives the organizations to move forward and adopt global changes (Dawson, 2003 114). Structural frameworks are the major stakes of organizational change. Related to management and forming the environment of the situation, structural changes in organizations are essential to delve into and be investigated. Consequently, this study will prove to be an addition to the wealth of researches and studies in this regard because of the essential nature of change and dynamism in this era. 1.5.

Nursing Professional Collaboration - Developing Professional Identity Essay

Nursing Professional collaboration - Developing Professional Identity - Essay ExampleThis angel is no other than the treat, who takes care of her patient as if it were her own. Nursing is a profession aims to provide medical checkup assistance to individuals, families, community in their time of distress and illness. When I was a kid I thought of every wild profession to acquire when I grow up. But as I grew up a lot of changes occurred and I had a severe accident and was hospitalized. At first it seemed that whole was lost and I might never recover. The doctors would consult merrily with me to keep my hopes up but somehow I would not trust them. My nurse whom I came to realize during my stay at the hospital was a human but worked like a utensil each day long. She would attend to several patients of every illness thinkable but would keep a happy face and seeing her work furiously around gave me strength and I decided to be like her and help people in their time of greatest n eed. Hospitals face a great shortfall of nurses and this makes nurses to work long shifts. But I was not frightened by the long shifts in accompaniment it strengthened my decision and I studied to become a professional nurse in the future. Ontario Nurses linkup predicts a nationwide loss if 15000 nurses in the nest several years due to changes in remains (Hiscott, 1998). Although living in the US I read somewhat the profession in other separate of the world too. Having completed my basic education and now as a student nurse I thought about the doctors who pass us instructions. Doctors instructions guide us how to carry on a patients medicines. Like many evolutional careers, outdated or previous trends persist in nurses (Jones & Bartlett, 2009). Considering my decision to enter the medical services field, I considered becoming a doctor. My search in the both revealed that a doctor might be earning more than a nurse but his knowledge is limited. I say limited in a sense that a d octor has no concern about the patients that are not related to him. Doctors are specialized in their desired fields. A heart sawbones would not deal any patient that is not a heart patient. Similarly an orthopedic has no concern with a dental patient. A nurse on the other hand would deal all these patients with the restriction of knowledge. Because doctors cannot attend to a patient whose category is out of their knowledge. My intention to become a nurse strengthened. I read about the work and duties of a doctor. Media nowadays has made people more aware. I consulted all the knowledge I could obtain to choose my career as a nurse. Even though the relationship between a doctor and a patient seems transparent but it is not. We physicians dont tell everything to patients (Pauline W. Chen, 2012). My desire to be a helpful human being was marred by study this. I felt the passion in me would soon burn out if I kept secrets from my patients. The patients who would affirm on me to help t hem escape their agony should know the truth. I talked about my decision with my family to enter the medical career and like everyones reaction, I was asked to become a doctor. But after a competitiveness of arguments my family too acknowledged that a nurse is more helpful to the society than a doctor. My seniors who are professional nurses taught us a lot about how to deal with patients and nurses are a messiah to these patients in distress. A nurse needs to have a strong heart as we have to deal with all the dirty work. When a person comes to the hospital on a stretcher unconscious and bleeding to stopping point nurses

Literacy Essay Essay Example for Free

Literacy Essay EssayFor as ample as I can remember literature has eer played an important role in my life. As a young child, I can remember how excited Id be at story time each night before bed. My busy in literature carried on throughout my school years from kindergarten when I was placed in the red bird group, which was the group of strongest readers. to extravagantly schoolwhen I had the benefit of being taught by one of the best English teachers ever, Ms. Irena King. direct as an adult and professional, I am very appreciative of the literary foundation that was laid for me by my family and my teachers. I understand how important literacy is in every daytime life. First, as a young child, literacy played a very important role in my life even before I could read. I was always fond of books of all kinds. Coloring books, magazines, and picture booksI loved them all. I remember each locomote to the grocery store I would always get a new Little Golden Book.I absolutely had to have the entire collection and would want them read to me each night before bed. My best-loved of this collection was The Gingerbread Man. I would sit for hours and look at the pictures. My mother would often encourage me to keep an interest in books. She always kept a subscription of Highlights Magazine for me and I would watch the mail each day in hopes that a new issue had arrived. As I grew older, my love for books did not change, but the attribute of books I wanted did.I had the largest collection of Sweet Valley High books and was a faithful referee to Fresh Magazine. I think that these are some of my fondest memories from my childhood, and I am so appreciative of my familys domiciliate of my passion for reading. Next, my interest for literature carried on from my early years to my school years. This was very evident when I started kindergarten. I vividly remember there were different groups within our kindergarten class.

Causation and Intervening Acts in Criminal Law Essay Example for Free

Causation and step in Acts in Criminal Law EssayAccording to Robin J.A. in Malette v Shulman1, the right of self-determination which underlies the doctrine of informed consent also obviously encompasses the right to refuse checkup treatment. A capable adult is generally entitled to reject a specific treatment or all treatment, or to select an alternate form of treatment, even if the end may entail risks as serious as deathThe doctrine of informed consent is plainly intended to ensure the freedom of individualists to make choices concerning their health check cargon. For this freedom to be meaningful, people must prevail the right to make choices that accord with their own determine regardless of how unwise or foolish those choices may appear to others.2 R v Blaue3, a celebrated causation case in condemnable fairness, brings to foreground a thought-provoking debate about whether an individuals ghostly pictures and other psychological values could be included in the thin skull determine and whether the refusal to collar under ones skin smellsaving medical treatment disassembles the chain of causation that exists between the suspects wrongdoing and the purported result of that wrongdoing.The f phone numbers of the case are as follows Blaue, the defendant, stabbed a woman numerous times after she refused to have intimate intercourse with him. She was a Jehovahs Witness and was in that locationfore non in favour of caudex transfusions. After the stabbing, she was taken to a hospital and was told that she urgently needed to have a rail line transfusion, without which she would die. owe to her religious vox populis, she refused to consent with the suggested treatment. As a result, she died in the hospital. While giving the sagacity, Lawton L.J. stated that those who use ferocity on other people must take their dupes as they find them.4 This, according to him, not entirely includes victims strong-arm characteristics, but also their em otional, psychological and spiritual values and beliefs. This decision has proved to be passing controversial and gives rise to various debates. Most understand the rationale behind the courts judgment and agree that the defendant is, as a matter of fact, criminally liable for causing the deformity. After all, the victim was at the receiving end of several stabbings, imposed by the defendant, who clearly had an intention of causing serious incarnate harm, if not death. However, some feel that the death was the result of the victims refusal to carry out the blood transfusion.They feel that the defendant should not be responsible for the unusual, irrational and un warrant religious beliefs of the victim. In addition, the defendant could not have possibly foreseen her backing out of receiving medical treatment in the hospital. The Blaue case creates many an(prenominal) doubts about the doctrine of causation in criminal law. Was Blaue responsible for the victims death or was it an a ct of the victim, since it was her decision to refuse a blood transfusion? If we conclude that Blaue is indeed responsible for her death, some other question comes to mind wherefore is the victim not responsible for her own death? First and foremost, it is a fact that the victim sustained injuries callable to numerous stabbings and it was Blaue who had inflicted them upon her. Her not taking any steps to action herself did not instigate her death.Secondly, there is an application of the thin skull overtop in this case. An important precept of the law of causation is that defendants must take their victims as they find them. This means that if a defendant pushes someone and be designer they have a thin skull, they crack their head and die, the defendant will be liable for causing their death. The address of Appeal in Blaue indicated that the decision could be seen as a thin skull slip. It was established that the thin skull rule goes beyond the physical characteristics of indi viduals, also including a persons moral and religious beliefs. Thirdly, the victims decision to not undergo blood transfusion, which would have clearly saved her life, was based on unplumbed religious envisions and hence, did not constitute a novus actus interveniens. That is, it was not an intervening act. Nevertheless, the judgment has been critisised on various grounds. Why was the victims decision to refuse medical treatment seen as a subsisting condition sooner than an intervening cause?Would it have been the same if the refusal was due to a fear of needles or the fact that she could not bear the inconvenience and thought dying was the only way to end the agony? A decision steered by religious beliefs is a moral choice, that is, a free decision. Why should the defendant endure the certificate of indebtedness if the victim makes a free choice to kill herself any more than he should if, weakened by the injury, the victim took a controversial choice to end her life with dignit y rather than enduring pain and life-long humiliation? Thus, to understand the Blaue case, we not only need to take into account causation in criminal law, but also the two doctrines which apply to the concept of proximate causation the thin skull rule and the principle of novus actus interveniens. Causation In criminal law, individuals that are guilty of a crime are penalised for the harm they cause if both the physical and the mental element of committing an offence is present. There must be a validated connection between an individuals conduct and the result alleged to constitute an offence. The causation essential attaches criminal responsibility to those individuals whose conduct is sufficient enough to bring about serious bodily injury or death. In Hallett5, the accused assaulted a man and left him on a beach.Over the following few hours, the man drowned. The court concluded that Halletts contribution to his death was more than minimal to adapt him responsible for it. How ever, in Blaue, the defendant was found to be the positive and operating cause of the womans death. That is, his stabbings is why she was admitted to a hospital in the first place. Thin skull rule The defendant must take the victim as he finds him or her and this means the whole man and not just the physical man. This rule applies irrespective of whether the defendant is aware of the condition in the victim. On one hand, there are instances where the victim suffers from a pre-existing condition which renders him or her more vulnerable to injuries. On the other hand, there are cases where the victim does not take medical treatment to heal wounds and suffers serious harm as a result. A defendant cannot escape liability for a victims death as a result of an abnormality present in the victim or an internal, subsisting belief of the victim.It is his fault that he caused harm in the first place. In R v Hayward6, a man chased his married woman into the street shouting threats and kicked her. She collapsed and died from an unusual thyroid condition which made her susceptible to physical exertion and fear. He was convicted of manslaughter because he aggravated her pre-existing condition by physically assaulting her. This case is a good example of the thin skull rule applying to the physical characteristics of an individual. The fact that he could not possibly foresee her dying is not an excuse. However, can a victims religious beliefs constitute a thin skull? With reference to Blaue, according to Hart and love The question is not whether it is reasonable to believe that blood transfusion is wrong, but whether a person whose life is in danger can reasonably be expected to abandon a firmly held religious belief. The answer must be surely no.7 Religious beliefs and convictions are an internal characteristic of individuals, which is profoundly rooted in their way of thinking and life. It is intrinsic to every person.Hence, people cannot be held legally accountable for possessing such sentiments. Novus Actus Interveniens The general principle is that an intervention by a third party will break the chain of causation if it is free, deliberate and informed. In R v Kennedy8, Kennedy prepared a syringe for the victim, who injected himself and died due to an overdose. Kennedy was convicted of outlawed manslaughter. The act of the victim, in injecting himself with the drug, was an intentional, free, deliberate and an informed action. Thus, the drug dealer is not guilty of unlawful manslaughter. In contrast, in R v Dear9, the defendant slashed the victim repeatedly with a knife. The victim died two days later. The defendant appealed against his conviction for murder, arguing that the chain of causation had been broken because the victim had affiliated suicide either by reopening his wounds or because he had failed to take steps to stop the blood move after the wounds had reopened themselves.The court dismissed the appeal and held that the real questi on was whether the injuries inflicted by the defendant were a substantial and operating cause of the death. The victims death resulted from excessive bleeding from the artery, which was triggered by the defendant when he attacked the victim. In Blaue, the refusal to get treatment does not break the chain of causation, despite the fact that it was informed and deliberate, because having such a belief is involuntary and requisite. According to Hart and Honor, the question to be decided is whether the decision to refuse treatment is not merely deliberate and informed but also a free one. In view of the high value attached in our society to the matters of conscience, the victim, though free to accept any belief she wished, is not thereafter free to abandon her chosen belief merely because she finds herself in a internet site in which her life may otherwise be in danger.So it was not her free act to refuse a transfusion.10 It was reasonably foreseeable that a Jehovahs Witness would refu se a blood transfusion. The victim had no choice due to her religion. It was not a free decision because, in a way, she was bound by it. It could be said that she simply let the wound take its inbred course. Moreover, the death was caused due to the bleeding arising from the penetration of the lungs, which was brought about by the stabbings. The substantial and operating cause trial run does not take into account a victims distinct characteristic. So long as victim died of internal bleeding due to the wound administered by Blaue, we need not ask moreover questions.However, if the principle of taking your victims as you find them, including their beliefs is applied to more cases, it would have varying results. Lets assume that X assaults Y. Y ends up committing suicide because she is mentally unstable or because she hopes to get X behind bars. Another example could be that X shoots Y on his left leg. Y could go to the hospital but decides to remove the bullet by himself. Unable to do so and still refusing medical treatment, he dies. Should X take Ys unstable, vengeful or negligent behaviour? Is that justified or is it unfair? 1 . Malette v Shulman 1991 2 Med LR 162. 2 . Jerome Edmund Bickenback, Canadian cases in the philosophy of law, quaternate edition, at 160 to 161. 3 . R v Blaue 1975 1 WLR 1411. 4 . Michael T. Molan, Sourcebook on Criminal Law, second edition, at 67. 5 . Hallett 1969 SASR 141. 6 . R v Hayward (1908) 21 Cox 692. 7 . Denis Klimchuk, Causation, Thin Skulls and par (1998) at pg. 126. 8 . R v Kennedy 2007 UKHL 38. 9 . R v Dear 1996 Crim LR 595. 10 . Alan Norrie, Crime, earth and History A Critical Introduction to Criminal Law, at pg. 143.

Positive and Negative Associations Essay Example for Free

Positive and Negative Associations EssayCognitive social psychology describes the ego as a dynamic, flexible, and complex restrict of self-conceptions, emotions, images and memories that argon stored in the long-term warehousing. Some of the self-related material in working memory is associated with the transient conditions of the present time frame. These self-conceptions serve the important function of guiding behavior, affection, and perception. Core self-conceptions are stand and stable self-conceptions tend to endure over time, and are activated across situations which mean they influence a person in giving meaning to circumstances and choice on how to be fork out. The stance about the self in the memory has been referred to as the self-structure where it is proposed that the self-related memory representations are not neutral, but rather carry with them an stirred quality or evaluation tone known as valence (Zephyr 91). Because self-evaluation is based on the familiar norms and expectations of the cultural milieu, the meaning of the valence component of the core-descriptions is likely to show cultural specificity in which the autocratic and nix associations are mutually based. Positive and nix associationsCultures have been described in wrong of interpersonal set they socialize in their members. Culture is the patterns of social institutions, relationships, and expectations that guide the development of culturally competent individuals. The social set and practices are the major basics in the cultural construction of the positive and interdict social associations in a beau mondes nicety. The Haitian culture has been overtly portrayed on racial call by many discolour writers something that Afri substructure American writers have been deconstructing to dispel these negative associations.On the positive associations, anybody who is Haitian upholds highly about his/her self-conceptions will regard e verything with self-esteem and more so respect his/her culture trying to paint a positive image of it. Zephyr (118) points out that Haitians are to some period positive about their culture and that is the reason why they would like very much to change the negative perceptions the world has. Their music has transcended class boundaries expressing the greatness of the nations culture and their nation at large. community who talk well of themselves usually have that attitude that keeps their cultural boundaries open to constructive criticism for the better. Superstitions which have for a long time dwarfed development and peoples association are being negated for a cabaret that embraces change. Haitians have changed the African American negativism by whites which has brought new light on the racial issues as a people with equal dignity and who are supposed to be respected. Haiti had remained in the false and students and other groups have drummed up support in peeling a means the darkness and letting people learn more ab out the place and its people.The United States initially viewed Haiti as a threat to its globe but now that has changed with the view of Haiti as a nation that contributes to its well-being. The historical slave revolution of Haiti is very much part of its proud history. Haiti is considered as a beacon of hope for its model of self-emancipation. This much enliven Negroes in slave plantation to rise and strive for their liberties which were held at ransom by the slave masters. It similarly strikes positively that Haitians fought bravely against French troops which points to the strong urge among the people to resist oppression from the white masters.Their culture has been without intrusion for many years which has accounted for the peoples strong will of independence atomic number 82 to self-conceptions that glorifies their lives. The positive self-descriptions of the Haitian people therefore fits within their cultural frame because of the image as a free people from the chains o f colonization which are to blame in many African countries for pick at indigenous cultures, leading to many Africans neglecting their butchered cultural values (Zephyr 89).The critique of the cultural practices of Haitians has provided culturally relevant psychiatric practice very important in the cultural mindset of the Haitians. However, the Haitian culture has not been without negative self-descriptions that are to account for the stereotypes which have influenced the society in a great way. Gender issues, like in every other patriarchal society in the world rears the ugly muzzle to the world view. Also, the juju culture has had negative effects on the socio-economic and political advancement of Haitians.Zephyr (108) reminds us that the belief in cultural practices that hinder development due to inhibiting beliefs that changes will be a bad omen to the society are to blame for the situation of Haitians. The negative stereotypes are of bad influence on the self-conceptions and d escription which are normally based on the cultural milieu of the people. The voodoo belief has bad influence on the economic bearing in that some practices deny people the opportunity to enterprise in what can economically uplift their living standards.With this culture bearing impact on the mindset of people, ignorance and backwardness set in which make the associations with other people very difficult as these have moved from the place of stereotype to beliefs that oppress the people. Like any other society, oppression of women is evident on gender lines, with boy-girl privileges at stake, where education for the male child is done at the expense of the girl who might be a better achiever than the boy. But the Haiti society is changing to adapt to changes that have affected all societies in the world.Neglecting the oppressive beliefs has been a step towards building that global society that embraces change negating the ignorance of many indigenous societies of the past. With the se changes, the perspective or the view of the world on Haiti has still remained negative with efforts made by the Haitian society not recognized (Zephyr 122). These degenerative views on Haiti need to change and the world to view the big describe of a changing society for there is no society without blemish.In conclusion, the positive and the negative associations in any society are embedded in the cultural frame of that society, and there is no way one can define such a society without meeting such associations. Whether positive or negative associations, they can be understood on the cognitive social psychology in terms of the self-conceptions defined by the larger cultural milieu. Societies due to globalization influence are changing and so should be our perceptions on particular societies like the Haitians. Works Cited Zephyr, Flore. The Haitian Americans. Westport, Conn Greenwood Press, 2004.

How and why did USA become involved in the Vietnam War Essay Example for Free

How and why did USA become involved in the Vietnam War EssayIn march 12, 1947 with the truman doctrine and the newly introduced policy of containment ground forces decided to select itself with status of policeman of the manhood giving themselves a permission to intervene any(prenominal)where in the creation when they consider it is neccessary. This was the policy that allowed them to interpose in vietnam. Vietnamese people under the leadership of ho qi mihn, founder of viet minh defeated French at diem bien phu who had controll over whole indochina (thailand, vietnam, combodia, laos). Although usa was sending aid to french they didnt help much because president eisenhower has just been elected to end the korean contend therefore he didnt want to involve usa in another conflict. However after french defeat and the devision of vietnam into sum which was communist and federation usa started to realize the danger of communism spreading into asia and saw vietnam as a puppet i n hands of ussr and china. in convinction that responsibility for the domino effect will be theirs if they routine do anything. n 1954 usa prevented the re-uniting free elections from taking place, foreboding uniting vietnam under communist goverment. this age they showed their resilient attitude, considering their disapproval with ussr, not holding free elections in their sattelites. nevertheless there were no elections and usa picked up anti-communist diem to become a president of south vietnam.This decision led to more protest particularly from buddhist monks since diem was ignorat to their religion and culture, he himself be christian. uring his reign he forbade any elections and set members of his family into important positions. his rottenness and way of controling south vietnam was the reason for more than and more people joining the national front for the emission of south vietnam, the viet cong. although usa didnt agree with his governance after his murder they go on to support his equally bodge successor.Meantime, in usa after kennedys assasination new president was elected with completely different attitude. b johnson seemed more considered about vietnam and sent more and more array personel, the so called advisors to vietnam. During his leadership he achieved the tonkin gulf upshot under suspicious coincidences of the tonkin gulf incident, giving him ultimate power to launch immediate attack or start war without the need of consulting the idea with senate or advisors. lbj was the most involved president in vietnam war and he started the open war with vietnam.When advisors were not enough and the infiltration of north vietnamese in south vietnam became with incr respite number of attacs intorelable problem, in march 1965 lbj decided to launch the operation rolling thunder, bombing of the conjugation Vietnam and Ho Chi Minhs trail which was the major mean of supplying south vietnam by Viet Cong. within a short time usa realized that this tactics is not appropriate but they were in convinction that easing would signal their weakness. n addition this operation lasted for eight years where high explosives, herbicides to destroy the jungle and defoliant component orange were used and more bombs were dropped on vietnam than on germany by all the allies during the second world war. despite the growing objections johnson launched full-scale war with the first conventional warf ar in ia drang valley which twain sides considered as victory. Although americans inflicted greater losses than they have suffered (a300 v2000), vietnamese held their positions.This way the war continued for number of years marked with unsuccessful negotiations with main problem of diplomacy frequently undermined by military activity at a critical moment. In 1967 in south Vietnam were held the free elections but without any communist party. Thieu was elected with a low vote but finally usa could say they are defending democratically elected goverm ent. in following years after the failure of previous operations, operations search and destroy was introduced which main aims were defending us bases, launching search and destroy missions.Another operation, an movement to win the hearts and minds of the peasant was also complete failure, highlighting the main American problem misinterpretation of the culture of Vietnamese people. The Vietnam war being the first televised war hugely influenced it and seeing the happenings in vietnam many student protests took place in usa, especially after the Mai Lay massacre which shocked people being the evidence that something in this war has gone wrong. n 1967 increase of bombing by more than 50%, generals still requsting more men and viet cong still holding their positions even advancing (the tet offesnive 1968) and more than 3 000 000 casualities make johnson slowly realize that this war he will not win. In 1968 johnson after many idiotic years of fighting informed public that usa will h alt bombing, awaiting peace talks. the president has tending(p) up ending this terrible mistake and resignated, Vietnam finally became free, united and communist.

Professional Sports and Michael Pore Essay Example for Free

sea captain Sports and Michael focus EssayAthletes are almost as cock-a-hoop of im years models as criminals. Athletes get called fictitious character models a lot but they do non fit the definition of a role model. Athletes delineate fully grown examples for teens. They make poor choices and are easily forgiven due to their athletic abilities. Athletes are foul role models for teens and kids because a lot of suspensors wee bad habits, set unrealistic expectations, and set bad examples. In spitefulness of their abilities, athletes are not wakeless role models for whateverone of any age. Many athletes have bad habits like dose use, fighting, and gambling. Laura K. Egendorf says many unrealistic expectations are set not everyone erect become famous or a professional athlete. Too many teens and kids look up to major athletes so they should not be backdrop the bad examples that they are setting (Laura K. Egendorf, 64). non only are they setting bad examples but the y have bad habits as well. Also, as teens grow older they read about their athlete hero and their bad habits.Michael A.Pore states that any law breaking or wrong subject a professional athlete does, there is a story posted in newspaper, online, or even said on television. Michael Jordan had a gambling problem, Sammy Sosa had a steroid issue, and Riddick Bowe had a fighting problem (Michael A. Pore, 41). Some teens realize athletes are not good role models. Professional athletes are easily forgiven for their mistakes. However, professional athletes set bad examples for teens and young athletes. Michael A. Pore states that athletes are too easily forgiven for their bad behavior.You dont need to use drugs to be good at something. They feel money comes easily, but money is not everything and does not come easily. Athletes send bad messages to kids if you buy a certain product the athlete promotes, you will not run bring out (Michael A. Pore, 40). not everyone will perform the way pro fessional athletes do and become famous. In Addition, athletes set unrealistic expectations for the teens and kids flavor up to them. Not everyone can and will become a professional athlete. Very few nation will make millions of dollars a year just for playing a sport.Michael A. Pore says teens feel if they reveal a brand promoted by an athlete they will fit in with the rest of the players playing the sport. For the kids looking up to the professional athletes, they feel they have to look as strong as them or be as respectable as them to plat the sport well (Michael A. Pore, 43). A few athletes get their muscular look from steroids, not actual strength. However, steroid use is not that bad once in a while. In the article, Athletes Are Role Models it states If you have no time for practice, steroids improve your performance.Steroids make you feel better when you do well in your game. No one will know if you do it once in a while (http//www. ickscorner. com). Steroids can help an yone any age. In any case, no one of any age should use steroids. Steroids are an illegal substance and if you get caught using them you can get a huge fine or even jail time. If you use steroids, you are just cheating yourself and the game. Not only does steroid use get looked down on but it also kills brain cells (http//forum. bodybuilding. com).If you do not have time to practice and feel like that is a reason to use steroids and perform better, than you should not have the time to be on the team. Accordingly, athletes can set realistic expectations and help teens and kids go for their dreams. Laura K. Egendorf explains how most young kids and teens want to be famous when they are older professional athletes help them progress to for that dream. As teens grow older, they continue to watch their favorite professional athlete. Watching them do well in a game will make teens want to perform like them (Laura K.Egendorf, 64).Professional athletes make a lot of money just for playing a game, but money is not everything. On the some other hand, many kids and teens get motivated but is it realistic? Very few people in the field become famous. The chances of becoming a professional athlete are really small there are about 301,000,000 people in the United States and only about 17,000 professional athletes. http//forum. bodybuilding. com Being like a professional athlete is not always good drugs are not a good thing for a teen to get into.As a result, athletes should not be role models for anyone of any age they have bad habits, set unrealistic expectations, and set bad examples. A lot of athletes have bad habits like steroid use and gambling. Professional athletes set unrealistic examples, not everyone can and will be famous. Many bad examples are set within athletes. People get motivated for unrealistic dreams. Athletes can teach teens how to try to achieve in athletics but they cant help with training or real world family issues, they should not be considered r ole models.

How polygenic traits produce the appearance of blending inheritance Essay Example for Free

How polygenic traits produce the appearance of intermingle inheritance Es tellSeveral studies claim been carried out peculiar(prenominal)ly on polygenic traits that take a leak different alternate forms for example, face cloth flower falsify vs. purple flower color. However umpteen traits ar more multifaceted than this and can take on any subject of incessant evaluates. For instance in humans in that location argon not on the merelyton devil groups of people i.e. t all told vs. rook- but a full range of possible heights. To add on, many traits are not controlled by a single pair of gene but by legion(predicate) genes that interact with each other and besides with the environment. The study d unmatchable ontraits controlled by multiple genes and also by the environment is referred to as quantitative genetics. This is regarded as one of the complex area of genetics but a little understanding of quantitative genetics is necessary for evolution since evolution usua lly acts on complex traits which are influenced both by genetics and by the surroundings/environment.Polygenic and appearance of mix inheritance.One of the main challenges in genetics during the early years of the 20th century concerned the next question If Mendels thoughts were right then how can one clarify the inheritance of quantitative traits? Statistical explore reveals that for quantitative traits the offspring of a cross breed tend to be intermediate in looks in the midst of the two parents. For example if one parent is short and the other tall, the offspring tends to be intermediate in height. This means, the offspring in a cross tend to be a mixture of both parents. This presents a challenge for evolution, since for evolution to occur by natural selection needs the presence of genetically establish disparity in the lever of a quantitative trait. However if an offspring lean towards the average value of the trait for the two parents then, the required variation for ev olution to occur would be lost. The inheritance of quantitative traits is characteristically viewed in terms of what is referred to as polygenic inheritance.The Assumptions of the Polygenic ModelThis polygenic model makes the following vi simplifying assumptions Every contributing gene has relatively equal and small effects, the effects of every allele are additive, there are no dominance instead the genes at every locus behave as if they pursue an incomplete dominance, there is no interaction or epistasis among the different loci that contribute to the value of the trait, there is no connection involved and, the value of the trait relies only on genetics environmental influences can be overlooked .Example of Polygenic inheritanceThe core color in chaff is decided by two pairs of gene, known as polygenes which produce a variety of colors ranging from uncontaminating to dark red depending on the mixtures of alleles. Dark red plants are known as homozygousAABB and white plants are referred to as homozygous aabb. If these homozygotes are mixed/ crossed the F1 offspring are all bivalent heterozygotes AaBb. Therefore crossing individuals with the phenotype extremely yields an offspring that is a mixture of the two parents. This demonstrates a significant train that many times when one has two parents who vary in phenotype for some traits, then there allow be a likelihood of the offspring to be an intermediate to the parents in phenotype. This occurrence is sometimes called throwback to the mean.The following punnett Square entrust illustrate what happens if 2 double heterozygotes are crossed Take note of hand that there are five phenotypic grades which corresponds to the number of upper case alleles 0 through to 4 that can be there in the offspring. Also note that even if both parents are intermediate, there will be no blending in the offspring such that one will take care that 1/16 of the offspring will be dark red and 1/16 will be white. This replica suggests that when intermediate individuals mate, they produce an offspring that can be greater than either parent. eve if the polygenic replica makes several simplified assumptions it does seem to be a good estimate to the blending inheritance of a big number of quantitative traits.A more complex example and a detailed mathematical study is shown belowThe height of a tobacco plant is controlled not by a single pair of genes but by a chain of genes at multiple loci that have a small additive effect on the phenotype of the plant. Take for example three loci, each having two alleles i.e. (A, a B, b C, c). Assume in pure-breeding, short plants are all aabbcc and that tall plants are all AABCC, circumstance whereby the height of the plant is determined depends entirely by the number of high case alleles disregardless of which locus the allele is at. Consequently a plant with the genotype AaBbcc is of the similar height as a plant with genotype AabbCc. There are seven probable classes of plant heights but depends with the number of upper case alleles (0, 1, 2,3,4,5 or 6).If one conceders a pure breeding between a short plant aabbcc which is crossed with a pure breeding AABBCC plant then the F1s which are as a result of this cross are obviously the triple heterozygoteAaBbCcIt should be noted that these plants will be intermediate in height between the two parents.However what happens when these intermediate individuals are mate/breed? So as to examine this, assume that the gene pairs are not linked, this will allow us to put on independent variety to predict the product. The anticipated fraction of offspring in each height class is specified by the following idiom based on the binomial theoremN/ (M (N-M)Whereby N is the flesh/ number of alleles in total (6) while M is the number/ figure of upper case alleles in a given class. One way to understand this formula is as the number of methods of choosing a particular plant can have M upper case alleles out of N. At t imes we say N chooses M for this. N for our illustration is 6. This means that when M is zero there is just one way to get the number of upper case alleles. But if M = 1 there are 6 / (1 (5) ) = 6 ways to do this.Consider M = 3. Then we have 6 / (3 3) = 6x5x4/3x2x1 = 120/6 = 20.Note every gene has a little additive effect the resulting allotment of phenotype classes closely resembles the Normal Distribution. Other complex replicas in quantitative genetics suppose that the phenotype effects are from both environmental factors and genetics, perhaps intermingle in complex ways. These types of models are known as multifactorial models.

Employment and Line Management Essay Example for Free

trading and Line Management Essay1.1Communication is a vital thing in the workshop, it is very big so that hypothesizes are done productively and correctly. If the communication in the workshop was poor mis tugs would Begin to take place and accidents could occur.1.2The different methods of communication to the variant management and colleagues are by talking to one another, aggroup meetings, by telephone and even letters. In busy circumstances its best to use the telephone as its time efficient instead of wondering around searching for people. 1.3The different methods of communication to my and colleagues are by talking to one another, team meetings, by telephone, letters and even hand signals. These are all push backsaving in different circumstances such as when its extremely noisy in the workshop and a person is on the other side of the workshop, hand signals would be best in that situation.2.1To plan my instalment of work from the relevant cultivation I am siren I f ind out what materials I accept, what tools I need to assist me finished the job and what PPE I need to protect me from the dangers.2.2When starting a new job I firstly look for whatever mistakes in the drawing, once I am satisfied I then carry on by finding out what materials I require to complete the job and then finally retrieve all of my tools that I need to assist me through the work process until I complete the job.2.3Work is carried out to the workshop using job plans, adventure assessments and all other procedures. The resources that I use are job sheets, shop plans, time sheets and drawings. To reduce degree centigrade emissions, there is an extraction system installed into the workshop.2.4The way our workshop contributes to a execrable carbon emission milieu is that we have extraction systems built throughout the workshop to keep the emission levels at a low level.3.1The requisite relevant documentation that I provide is my time sheet. It shows the amount of hours I have spent on a job so that the consultants can then get a price to give to the customers.3.2I maintain my drawings and time sheets by keeping them in a locked draw. Time sheets are required to be filled in and complete every week and has to be submitted on a Monday cockcrow before 800am.3.3If I do not ensure that my time sheets are not turn over in on time, I will not get paid at the end of the week. With my job sheets, if its not complete within the given hours the customer has to pay more as the labour cost raises.4.1I am very able to work productively to the agreed specification and in profligate with the line management, colleagues and relevant people involved by finding out if they are pleased with the work produced and the quality.4.2I find that everyone is equal and that no one should be treated different. People tend to treat apprentices with less(prenominal) respect than others as they are not qualified and think they are not capable. Apprentice or not, people should n ot be treated different.4.3To maintain a good working relationship in my place of work I do the work that is asked of me and in the required time and in a good quality. With individuals I get on with them by being polite and cleaning after myself.4.4I think its good to keep a good working relation ship with the line management and colleagues as it doesnt afford it a challenge to talk to them or ask them for any information that is required.4.5Getting on with the line management and other working colleagues is important because it can make your time there difficult and non bearable. It also doesnt make it a challenge when needing to ask for information or a specification.4.6When working with others you must never treat them any different than you would like to be treated. You should never talk down to people or think of them as lower than you.

My Family and the Conservative Theory Essay Example for Free

My Family and the orthodox Theory EssayI conceptualize that my family is a great example of the orthodox theory. I was raise by both of my p bents who have been married for over thirty years. There was myself and my two sisters that as well as comprised our household. We lived in Saudi Arabia growing up and argon binders of Islam. My father, Mahdi was a geography teacher on the college level, from which he has since retired. My mother taught middle school science. My older sister has been married for over five years and has wiz three year old child. I am currently attending college and studying finance and my young sister is attending college and studying accounting.Being divulge of the Muslim community is ingredient of the conservative temperament of my family. We choose to try and live our lives according to the five pillars of Islam. These atomic number 18 the beliefs that the religion was founded upon. The first pillar of Islam is that Allah is have sex and su preme oneness and that Muhammad was the great prophet. This one pillar is the foundation for the way that my family chooses to live our lives. We choose to infix in a culture where we are governed by Allah a go out to do what is good and honour equal to(p)ly just. The second pillar of Islam is the establishment of daily prayers.Daily prayers are very essential in our culture. They are the communication that we have with Allah and the way that we are guided in how we are going to make decisions. As a follower of Islam we pray five times per day. The third pillar of Islam is concern for the needing. This includes be unstrained to sacrifice to help others who are less fortunate than we are. It is important in my culture to give to those who are needy and to help them as often as we possibly can. Islam teaches not being selfish and deficient worldly possessions but rather being selfless and always giving of oneself to others.This means that it has never been important to me or my family as to whether or not we are wearing a certain brand of habiliment or whether or not we have certain processions. It is not important for us to try to cumber up with mainstream society in an travail to fit in as we retrieve that our riches are destined for another time and another place. We value saving and are conservative in our disbursement and shopping habits. The fourth pillar of Islam is self purification through fasting. Fasting is a big deduct of our beliefs and we are conservative in this area as well. We fast during the month of Ramadan from cheer up until sun down.This is to teach us discipline. There is no stronger conservative value than discipline as when we are condition we are able to make decisions without feeling the pressure of the outside world. The fifth pillar of Islam is to make a pilgrimage to Mekkah. The pilgrimage to Mekkah is important as we are traveling to the divine spot where Muhammad heard the let looseing to of Allah that he used t o write the Koran. One of the biggest differences in the Islamic culture that we are a part of in comparison to most other cultures of today is the beliefs that we are taught more or less dating.Muslim teachings teach us that we are not to assure until we are in the confines of marriage. It is against our teachings to go out on dates or to have premarital sex as these behaviors are considered worldly and a poisoning of ourselves and we are to be a temple to Allah. In our culture we start a dua when we want to start dating. This means that we wonder Allah to send us a mate with whom we will make a good harmonize with. We commit that Allahs divine wisdom will allow us to meet our perfect match. I believe that a man and woman are created to be able to find the one perfect match for you who will give you spiritual unity and peace.When someone in my family is looking for a pause half with whom to packet their life with, the whole family becomes involved. It is still important to find someone who we are going to connect with and belong along with and having a person chosen for us is not a way of controlling who we date but rather a way of keeping us from making the mistake of bad relationships and having to stimulate through the pain of heartache. The overall idea is that by keeping ourselves pure and clean and not being in a physical relationship with anyone we are able to find a partner who very is the best match for us emotionally.We withal are able to find the one true partner that Allah has created for us by not letting physical attraction or other decisions get in our way. We remain pure for those who we are going to marry and yes this does mean that we do not believe in premarital sexual intercourse or sexual relationships in any way. My family is very conservative in the area of dating as both my sister and her husband and my mother and father are part of marriages that were arranged. My family also does not believe in divorce.We believe that if you truly are with the person that Allah has placed you with and so there is no reason for divorce from that person. Growing up following the practices of Islam has made me a much more conservative person than most of my peers. I believe that those who commit crimes should be punished to the in effect(p) extent. One heated subject for todays culture has been the idea of corporal punishment and I am in favor of this practice when it is used for the correct reasons and within the realms of the law.I feel that this is the conservative approach on this topic, following the adage if you cant do the time then wear offt do the crime. I also am against abortion which is another topic of heated consult today. Abortion is something that is not allowed through the practices of Islam and something that would never be okay for me or anyone in my family. Homosexuality is also popular today and in the faith of Islam it is not allowed as it is considered a true sin. However it is also a sin to perform any type of sexual act outside of marriage as sexual acts are supposed to be for the purpose of creating a family.My family has not had children out of wedlock. My family has always worked rugged to uphold themselves to the moral standards of Islam. Some of this has been difficult as I have always had to think of the moral debate to a subject and how I could justify my decision within my faith. I was raised to be respectful to my parents and could not have said some of those things that I have heard other students talk about saying to their parents. I have always been raised that without my parents I would not be anything and that I needed to uphold the utmost respect for them and their decisions in life.Even when I have disagreed with things that my parents have said, I will still give them the respect of listening to their decision without question. I have always cognize that my family was different from the other families that I have been witness to since moving to the US. Since we have always practiced Islam and since I grew up in Saudi Arabia I did not realize that we were so much more conservative than other families. Being a part of a conservative family has taught me many things, including that I have set and principals that I am not willing to let down for any reason.I want to follow the teachings of Allah and I want to preserve a culture that I feel reacts in a better way too many of the controversial issues of today. There are all kinds of issues that have to be dealt with on a regular basis when someone is growing up in todays culture. In a way it is nice to not have to worry about some of these issues as they are behaviors that are not permitted by Islam therefore they are behaviors that I have never thought about being involved in. I do not date and I am a sodding(a) and therefore I find that I am a part of a subgroup within the US culture that is unique in itself.Stating that I am simply conservative might be an understatement as I believe that Allah has better for me and that I should uphold myself to the highest moral standards in order to be able to please him and find my end reward later after this life has ended. I also believe that I have been taught unique values which have carried over into my conservative way of thinking. I was raised by both of my parents who are still married and I have watched my older sister attempt to have the same life that we did growing up. I am hopeful that one day Allah will speak and that I will find my mate and be able to fulfill my life as well.

Age of Revolutions Essay Example for Free

Age of Revolutions EssayThe get on of revoltion was a historical time frame that took place between 1775 to 1848 which encompassed numerous brotherly, cultural and political shifts that harboured momentous implications on the growth of the development of the novel as a genre. Through the friendly mechanics of increase living standards, the creation of the middle division, elevated lit eoncy levels and wider book distribution and publication, the novel genre saw indespensible changes which flummox persisted throughout time. Prior to the age of change, novels were written and centered upon themes pertaining to, imagination, philosophy, realism which coincided with what peoples interest were. Throughout the eighteenth hundred with the works of Rousseaus, Laclos, Goethe and Shelley, novels began to adopt a epistolary structure, which garnered wide spread popularity. Previously, chapters of stories were written in newspapers and letters and produced daily. With the payoff of the epistolary form, a greater realism and depth was added towards stories through the differing points of view that would be explored through primary person character perspective.Thus, chapters that used to be produced daily were then transformed into books. Moreover the novels pertained interest in middle build values, shared a distinct correlation with the growth of the middle class during the 18th century. Within the industrial revolution of the eighteenth century, the invention of the printing press further diminished the attitude quo of the medieval age. With the ascension of the enlightment ideals, the greater public were exposed to a greater range of accessible information, congress to the medieval period where, people were required to contact copyist, so the individual could have access to the book. This era hindered the promulgation of enlightenment ideals, such that the hoi polloi (masses) were denied proper access to sources of knowledge and wisdom. This can be seen through the burgeoning of printed items produced from, 1740 to 1800 with 2000 increase to 6500 printed items.Additonally from the 1700 to 1750, there was a 60% literacy increase for men, and a corresponding 40% for women. The French revolution, which involved social and political revolutionary characteristics, influenced the development of the novel as a genre by providing a core from which the status quo could be replaced and new ideals, cultural values, habits and customs could be permeated throughout the masses. French authors were subtle and compete no part in the French public domain prior to the revolution. However authors such as, Stphanie-F lawful Ducrest de Genlis used the novel genre to dispel ideas for the public benefit and to create the foundation from which the people would re shape the institutional and societal barriers of France.Through the novel genre, the discontent that authors and literalists had with politics and engrained traditions and their opposition to s ocial rules and conventions was expressed. The writers of the revolution predicated their compositions on the necessity of liberation. This was propagated throughout the third estate, consisting of peasants and low wage workers, with most of their money being remunerative to the king and the first estate and the control of the church, engendering the rejection of the monarch and the prohibition of the church. By the end of the decade, approximately 30 thousand priests had been forced to leave France, and others who did not leave were executed.The formation of the middle class was precipitated by individuals, judgment and valueing the men and women that worked for them, as well as the importance of raising living standards, so that employees could generate aspiration towards household items as well as books. Such visionaries as, Rockefeller, Carnegie and Ford laid the foundation upon which the middle class was expanded.Providing, heightened wages and employment benefits, the midd le class were able to experience a newly found vacuous time from which they could participate in recreational activities. In conjunction with the social change that was triggered, the middle class argued for better treatment, and the economy prices fell, inducing more household income. The dissemination of a new mantra and class, augmented the social importance of having an education, which involved reading and understanding books.Taking into account these various factors, the novel as a genre, simultaneously grew and developed in what has become the primary genre of contemporary books. These social, economic and political changes, inured separately were not enough to induce, the development of the novel. Rather it was the presence of circumstances and factors together that inundated the innovation of the novel, illuminating its purpose as a social tool as well as a recreational utility.

Platos the Republic Essay Example for Free

Platos the Republic EssayBy the beginning of restrain II of Platos The Republic, many questions have been brought upon the table involving the definition of evaluator. Polemarchus argues that referee is doing good to your friends and harm to your enemies. Thrasymachus argues that nicety is the advantage of the stronger. Socrates finds flaws in both(prenominal) of these definitions, but discovers another important question about the nature of justice. Socrates wants to fill out whether the just life or the unjust life is better, or happier, but all arguments thus off the beaten track(predicate) have proved unsatisfactory. Book II aims to further draught this complicated question, and hopefully lead them impending to an solution. Glaucon isnt satisfied by the previous explanations on the nature of justice and unjustness. To satisfy his hunger for knowledge, he proposes a challenge to Socrates. Glaucon wants Socrates to explain how justice could be intrinsically good, or, in other words, how justice could be encounterd for its own sake, such as we welcome joy for its own sake. Glaucon expresses this challenge by defining to Socrates the threesome kinds of goods.Intrinsic goods, he says, argon those that be welcomed for their own sake, and not for what rewards could possibly come from them. Mixed goods are those that we welcome for their own sake, but also for what possible rewards could come from them. Instrumental goods are those that we only welcome for the rewards that come from them. Glaucon believes that Socrates could prove that justice is a mixed good by proving only how it is instrinsic. Glaucon, in an feat to reiterate Thrasymachuss argument in Book I, goes on to present a three-part argument proving that inequity is better than justice.In his first agitate, Glaucon explains the common conception of justice and its origins. Essentially, the natural origin of justice comes from the fact that nation like doing damage, but it is worse to endure justice. Because of this, everyone comes to an agreement not to do injustice so they dont have to suffer it. Since this story of the origins proves that justice is purely instrumental, if one was to hope this story they would also accept the next two points and, ultimately, accept Thrasymachuss position. Glaucons second point is that justice is purely instrumental.He illustrates this point by using the example of the wicket of Gyges. If two people both had the power to do whatever they wanted with no repercussions, as the ring of Gyges would allow them to do, Glaucon thinks that both would end up following the path of the unjust, and be better and happier for it. The just soul wearing the ring could do unjust acts but still keep his reputation for justice. Glaucon says, No one believes justice to be a good when it is kept private, since, wherever either person thinks he can do injustice with imputiny, he does it (360c).This leads to his third point. Glaucon thinks that the completely unjust person is much happier than the just person. The ideal unjust person is able to attain everything they could ever want and need, while being honored and praised by those around him for appear like a just person. Oppositely, the ideal just person is just but doesnt heraldic bearing about seeming just, thus leading others to believe he is unjust, possibly for his whole life. When the two are compared side by side, it is clear how the unjust person is happy, but not how the just person is happy.Socrates mustiness take certain steps to disprove Thrasymachuss position on justice. Because the origin story is the separate point of Glaucons argument, Socrates must show why this origin story seems right but is not. In order to do this, he needs to present a new origin story that shows exactly how justice is instrinsic. Socrates decides that in order to do this he must start by looking at justice in a large sense, wherefore narrow it down to a smaller sense.To outli ne this process, he states, We say, dont we, that there is the justice of a single man and also the justice of a whole city? And a city is bigger than a single man? Perhaps, then there is more justice in the larger thing, and it will be easier to learn what it is. So, if youre willing, lets first find out what sort of thing justice is in a city and afterwards look for it in the individual observing the ways in which the smaller is similar to the larger (368d-369a).In order to look for justice in the city, Socrates must map out an ideal and abruptly just city. By showing the exact specifications of this perfect city, including the classes, functions, and virtues of the people, Socrates can undermine Thrasymachuss argument and answer Glaucons challenge. To define justice and to answer the many questions surrounding justice is one of the main topics of Platos The Republic, and Socrates sets out to find these answers for the remainder of the book.