Causes and Effects of Learning Difficulties

Causes and Effects of attainment DifficultiesAll teaching disabilities ar neuro system of logical infirmitys, the effectuate are from inconsistency in the way an individuals pass function. Children with culture disabilities eject be as smart as their peers who do not control eruditeness challenges. However, it prat be difficult for tikeren with learn disabilities to read, write, reason, recall information, go game and oft times figure social occasions out on their own without guidance. attainment disabilities are usually life gigantic issues and they cannot be fixed or cured. Children that fall behind from acquirement disabilities can succeed in aim with the right certification and supervision. Parents turn tail an important part in a kids success in school. Parents should encourage tikerens strengths and know their weakness. They should understand the knowledge organization and learn about strategies in overcoming specific difficulties in the training det errent by collaborations and educating themselves by professionals. Many famous sight in American history had acquirement disabilities much(prenominal) as Albert Einstein who wasnt able to read until age nine (What is a Learning deterrent? LD OnLine, n.d.). According to the National Institutes of Health one in every cardinal Americans suffers from at least one schooling deterrent. Reading obstacle dominates with up to 80 percent of students struggling with instruction on a quotidian basis. Additionally, basic reading and wrangle abilities are commonly present in chelaren that suffer from learning disabilities. Modern medicine has list a long way in diagnosing and treating some of the common learning disabilities such as prudence deficit Disorder (hyperkinetic syndrome) and Dyslexia, as well as the lesser known Auditory Processing Disorder (APD), Dyscalculia, Dysgraphia, Visual perceptual and Visual Motor Deficit.Scientists are learning every day how to rectify diagno se and increase support for those that are burdened with learning challenges. If a childs learning disability is discovered early comme il faut in their life the right guidance can help the child develop the necessary skills needed to live a productive life. late the National Institute of Health held a study which revealed over 67 percent of students with reading difficulties becoming at an mediocre level or above in reading after particular(prenominal) help was earmarkd in early grades. If a parent is educated and aware of the early signs of learning disabilities, they can recognize potential signs early and get them help. Many parents can recognize character in their children that can possibly be caused by learning disabilities. At a preschool age if a parent notices the pronunciation problems, difficulty spare-time activity directions, slow vocabulary, pronunciation, perturb learning numbers, alphabet, colors and shapes and often blab outs later than children their age t hey should get their child checked for learning disabilities. In kindergarten through fourth grade children with disabilities can show signs of slow learning the connections between letters and sounds, conf utilise basic words, making constant spell and reading errors and poor coordination. Through grade 5 and 8 children whitethorn have difficulty with handwriting, reverse letter sequences, stir making friends and trouble understanding body oral communication and facial expressions. In high school and through their adult yrs a person with a learning disability may continue to spell incorrectly, have trouble summarizing, and difficulty adjusting to new settings.Learning disabilities were an unknown phenomenon simply chalked up to be Minima brilliance damage prior to the 1940s. There was no fight between a student with brain damage, and a lower IQ, versus a student with a high intelligence and a learning disability (History of Learning Disabilities (Part 1), n.d.). Dr. Douglas Haddad says children who exhibited difficulties in learning were thought to be mentally retarded, displayed emotional disturbances, or be socially and culturally disturbed. Early studies on individuals with learning problems reported that they had the homogeneous learning problems as individuals who were shown to have brain damage, notwithstanding appeared prevalent, new(prenominal)wise. Thus, the term minimum brain damage was introduced. . Further research suggested that these learning issues were not so much issues with the brain itself, entirely more biologically stimulated learning disabilities. The term minimal brain dysfunction (MBD) was introduced.In 1961, President buns F. Kennedy created the Presidents Panel on Mental Retardation (Chiles, 1987). increase amounts of cases caused interest in student learning, and research began. In 1969, the federal judicature recognized specific learning disabilities as a category with special education. The concept of specific learn ing disabilities referred to a certain subgroup of students who did not earn academically with their ability, seemingly due to a central nervous system dysfunction that was mainly attributed to a wide spectrum of psychological disorders. -Dr. Douglas Haddad. Now students with learning disabilities such as dyslexia, Auditory Processing Disorder (APD), and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have special programs set up for them to learn in an environment unique to their needs.Our senses are separated, so not everything that our ears hear is taken by our brains. This would be the case with Auditory Processing Disorder (APD). Students with this disorder can have hearing that is passing, or make up above average for their auditory test, but have trouble learning due to the incident that they cannot interpret the sounds that they hear. For the average person the brain processes sounds seamlessly and almost instantly. With APD, some dissimilitude mixes that process, to a child with APD, Do you want to ride your bike or watch a movie? may be processed or perceived as Do you like Mike or potentiometer cookies. It can make simple questions or commands extremely difficult for soulfulness who has been diagnosed with APD. Other learning disorders present very similar problems in perfunctory tasks. Dyscalculia and Dysgraphia are two examples of otherwise learning disorders that can make the normal learning process a difficult and uncomfortable experience. Dyscalculia is delineate as a mathsematical disability in which a person has a difficult time solving arithmetic problems and grasping math concepts. Dysgraphia is defined as a writing disability in which a person finds it hard to form letter or write within a defined space.Children and adults can suffer from one or more of these learning disabilities which would make stuffy learning extremely difficult (Understood For Learning and Attention Issues Understood, n.d.). The understood team, authors for theunderstood.org say Many children with APD in addition have dyslexia, ADHD and other take aims. Recent research suggests that auditory impact issues may be a contributing factor to dyslexia. Professionals can diagnose these different learning disorders, and in the main they diagnose them at a young age. There is no difference in what these children see or hear, but there is a study difference in the way that they receive this information. They can struggle in one area such as Math, or English, or even memory but excel in others. Specialized teachers can play a major part in ensuring that these children succeed in straight offs world.Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder had first been described in 1902 by a Sir George Still, followed by the evidence that ADHD could arise from brain injury in 1923 by a Franklin Ebaugh in 1967 the Federal administration funds (National Institute of Mental Health) first used for studying effects of stimulants on children with hyperactiv ity. Statistics of ADHD had begun in 1972 with a little under 6% for the National Health Interview Survey, followed by a second brush up in 1976 with statistics closer to 5% in a time where Cylert, Dextrostat and Dexadrine had come on to the market to compete with Adderall (Data and Statistics ADHD NCBDDD CDC, n.d.). This however was the beginning of the intermediation processes which had started to overtake practical practices of helping this dysfunction. The rates of ADHD only move to grow by a slower percentage, but picking up to approximately 3% per year from 1997 to 2006 and an average of approximately 5% per year from 2003 to 2011, surveys showing that the increase is growing exponentially by the years In 2003 the survey had a statistic issuing of 7.8% for children diagnosed, then had grown to 9.5% in 2007 and in 2011 the statistic was up to 11% in children between the ages of 4-17 (6.4 million). The average varied from res publica to state with a low 5.6% in Nevada to a high of 18.7% in Kentucky (Data and Statistics ADHD NCBDDD CDC, n.d.). Kids with ADHD tend to be easily distracted, missing details, and ofttimes changing what they are doing at the very moment after a few minutes. They have difficulty focusing on one thing and become bored very easily. Many times they have trouble focusing, organizing, learning and completing homework, often losing things such as pencils and toys. Day aspiration is common, difficulty processing information quickly and accurately, as well as following guidance or instructions. Also symptoms of hyperactivity may cause fighting, nonstop talking, dashing around, having difficulty doing tasks quietly and impulsively blurt out hit-or-miss comments, show emotions without restraint (NIMH Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, n.d.). Many victims of this disability are usually overlooked due to adults thinking it is simply disciplinary problems, but ADHD is growing because of genes, environmental factors, brain injuries, sugary foods and additives in foods. ADHD is treated with medications and various types of psychotherapy or combination of the treatments. The parents who have kids with this shape can help by making structure in the childs life, such as organizing everyday items, using homework and notebook organizers, being clear and consistent, curiously giving praise or rewards when rules are followed. Formal definition of dyslexia is a disorder in children who, despite conventional classroom experience, fail to attain the language skills of reading, writing and spelling fit with their intellectual abilities (World coalition of Neurology, 1968, pg 26). . Dyslexia was first unknowingly discovered in 1890s and early 1900s by a British ophthalmologist named James Hinshelwood. He defines it as a congenital defect, occurring in children with otherwise normal and unbroken brains characterized by a difficulty in learning to read. He observe symptoms like difficulty reading and writing in like manner letter regress was largely common. Later on a neurologist in 1925 by the name of Samuel T. Orton worked primarily on stroke victims until he met a female child who could not read and had the same symptoms of those stroke victims. He then began to research, reading difficulties that are unrelated to brain damage and has determined a syndrome as such. Orton had observed that opthalmic deficits did not cause dyslexia, but something else did. His theory was that the condition was caused in the brain by failure to establish hemispheric dominance. Orton also noticed that the children he was studying were largely left or complicated handed (Henry, 1998). Each individual experiences different severity of this learning disability, but all have the same symptoms that affect reading, fluency and comprehension, recalling information, writing, spelling and in some cases speech patterns. Dyslexia can also exist with other learning disabilities and can sometimes be the cause of those with learning disabilities. Dyslexia is often called the language based learning disability due to most of its symptoms being language related (Dyslexia, n.d.).Symptoms of dyslexia may include reading slowly, experiencing disorder of letters, difficulty with math computation and difficulty recalling known words. Some strategies in overcoming dyslexia include using Audiobooks and books with large print and spacing between the lines. Teachers should use other methods to accommodate progress for student with dyslexia such as allowing alternate forms of book reports, provide students with a copy of lecture notes, and teach student to use logic rather than memory on tests and other work. Through our eyesight we sack up visual information that helps us process our surroundings and allows us to get laid our daily activities. Our visual perception plays a key role in our abilities to learn mathematics, spelling and reading. Deficits in visual perception can hunt to learning defic iencies in learning basic mathematics, recognizing and remembering words and letters, also the mathematical concepts of size and position, as well as mixing up words with similar beginnings and poor handwriting. All these characteristically been associated with learning disabilities of visual processing disorder. Auditory processing disorder involves a deficit in a persons ability to analyze information trustworthy through hearing. It is not to be confused with problems such as hearing loss or being hard of hearing. A person with auditory processing disorder can hear just fine the issue is much deeper in the way the brain processes the information received. This learning disability interferes with language and speech learning as well as reading and spelling. in particular when instructions given in classrooms are primarily verbal, a child with this deficit can have extremely hard time following instructions and understanding the lesson. Some ways teachers can help students with t his disability include allowing students to dictate creative stories, allowing use of computer word processing, avoiding marker handwriting, using large print books, providing tracking tools for reading such as rulers and text windows and providing alternatives to written assignments for those students (Visual perceptual/Visual Motor Deficit, n.d.). In affinity to the general population people with learning disabilities have a great chance of developing physical and mental issues. As a result of their lack of ability to properly describe their symptoms to a health billing professional many are left untreated. Although life expectancy is change magnitude over time individuals with learning disability still are at a higher risk of early death (Hollins et al., 1998 McGuigan et al., 1995). Parents play a great role in a child learning process, especially when a child has a learning deficiency. Parents need to keep things in perspective, if to help their child succeed. Learning dis abilities are not undefeatable, give your child plenty of physical and emotional support. Be an expert in your child, every child is unique even when they have the same learning disability do your own research into what helps and what does for your child. Learn about programs and techniques that can purify their learning ability. Embrace being a proactive parent and speak up for your child to get special attention they need from teachers and other educators but remain calm and realistic. Remember to be a nigh role model for your child as they do follow in your footsteps regardless of learning disability or not.ReferencesChiles,L. (1987). Federal involvement in mental retardation programs Past, present, and future directions.American Psychologist. doi10.1037//0003-066X.42.8.792Data and Statistics ADHD NCBDDD CDC. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/ attention deficit disorder/data.htmlDyslexia. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//ldaamerica.org/types-of-learning-disabilitie s/dyslexia/Henry,M.K. (1998). Structured, sequential, multisensory teaching The Orton legacy.Annals of Dyslexia,48(1), 1-26. doi10.1007/s11881-998-0002-9History of Learning Disabilities (Part 1). (n.d.). Retrieved from http//learningdisabilities.about.com/od/whatisld/fl/History-of-Learning-Disabilities-Part-1.htmHollins, S., Attard, M.T., von Fraunhofer, N. Sedgwick, P. (1998). Mortality in people with learning disability risks, causes, and death certification findings in London. developmental Medicine Child Neurology, 40, 50-56.McGuigan, S.M., Hollins, S. Attard, M. (1995). Age-specific standardized mortality rates in people with learning disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 39, 527-531.NIMH Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder/index.shtml?rf=71264Understood For Learning and Attention Issues Understood. (n.d.). Retrieved from https//www.understood .org/enVisual Perceptual/Visual Motor Deficit. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//ldaamerica.org/types-of-learning-disabilities/visual-perceptual-visual-motor-deficit/What is a Learning Disability? LD OnLine. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.ldonline.org/ldbasics/whatisldWorld Federation of Neurology. (1968). Report of research group on dyslexia and world illiteracy. Dallas WFN